In Australia, it is illegal to feed restricted animal material (RAM) to ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats, deer, camels and alpacas). This is known as the 'ruminant feed ban'.
Botulism is a rapid onset, usually fatal disease caused by the botulinum toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum.
Typical signs include hindlimb weakness progressing to paralysis, collapse and death.
Vaccines can prevent a wide range of diseases that cause reduced production, fertility or death in cattle and economic losses to Western Australian producers.
It is illegal to feed meat, meat products and food that has been in contact with meat to pigs in Australia. These rules apply to every pig, including pet pigs and pigs kept for home consumption.
Supplementary feeding of sheep, with grain, hay or silage is necessary when pastures or stubbles are deficient in energy and protein.
The productivity of sheep is largely governed by the amount of pasture they eat and this is influenced by the quantity of the pasture on offer and its quality.
Hydatid disease is a serious human health concern, caused by cysts of the tapeworm parasite Echinococcus granulosus.
The health and nutrition of the pregnant ewe largely determines how successful lambing is in any given year.
Johne’s disease (JD) is a chronic incurable infectious disease that affects cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, alpaca and deer.
Fruit size is an important feature for accessing desired markets and is largely determined by crop load. Tree manipulation practices can be used by orchardists at a number of key crop stages to influence the size of fruit at harvest.
