Tactics for integrated weed management
| Management tactic | Most likely % control range | Comments on use |
|---|---|---|
| Crop choice and sequence | 95 (30-99) | Summer crop — winter fallow choice is very effective; numbers build up in pulse crops |
| Improving crop competition | 70 (20-99) | Crops at optimum sowing rates are very effective. High levels of control for barley, much lower for wheat |
| Herbicide-tolerant crops | 90 (80-99) | Good control achieved |
| Autumn tickle | 40 (30-60) | Depends on seasonal conditions |
| Knockdown (non-selective) herbicides for fallow and pre-sowing control | 80 (70-90) | Wait until youngest plants have two leaves if possible. Late germinations will not be controlled |
| Pre-emergent herbicides | 80 (70-90) | Works best when combined with competitive crops |
| Selective post-emergent herbicides | 80 (70-90) | Test for resistance before spraying. Use in combination with competitive crops. Rotate herbicides |
| Spray-topping with selective herbicides | 90 (60-99) | Flamprop methyl is very effective. Up to six confirmed cases of resistance at time of writing although this resulted from repeated late post-emergent application. Best results with competitive crops, warmer conditions and at very early jointing stage of wild oats |
| Pasture spray-topping | 80 (70-90) | Graze or spray survivors. Hay freezing works well |
| Silage and hay — crops and pastures | 97 (95-99) | Harvest prior to wild oat grain fill. Control regrowth |
| Grazing — actively managing weeds in pastures | 75 (60-80) | Graze heavily and continuously during spring |
| Weed seed collection at harvest | 70 (20-80) | Works well on early harvested crops before wild oats drop their seeds |