Integrated weed management
There are many tactics that could be considered when developing an integrated plan to manage capeweed. These include: herbicide tolerant crops; inversion ploughing; delayed sowing; pasture spray-topping; using herbicides and more.
| Tactic name | Most likely % control (range) | Comments on use |
|---|---|---|
| Herbicide tolerant crops | 90 (80–95) | Good control can be achieved in triazine-, imidazolinone- and glyphosate-tolerant crops |
| Inversion ploughing | 90 (50–98) | Use skimmers to ensure deep burial of seed. Not suitable for some soil types |
| Delayed sowing | 60 (50–90) | Works best on undisturbed paddocks |
| Fallow and pre-sowing cultivation | 60 (20–95) | Requires drying conditions following cultivation. Transplants are common in wet conditions. Burial of seed will lead to dormancy |
| Knockdown (non-selective) herbicides for fallow and pre-sowing control | 80 (70–99) | Good control of actively growing unstressed weeds. Poor control of early germinated weeds that have lost leaves due to early season drought |
| Double knockdown or ‘double knock’ | 90 (80–99) | Better control of hard to kill plants and those in dense infestations |
| Pre-emergent herbicides | 75 (70–85) | Diuron and picloram provide good control |
| Selective post-emergent herbicides | 90 (80–99) | Clopyralid provides good control, especially of hard to kill plants. Limited control options in leguminous crops. Spray grazing is good for pastures |
| Pasture spray-topping | 70 (30–90) | Graze heavily in winter to ensure uniform flower emergence. Graze or respray survivors |
| Renovation crops and pastures – green manuring, brown manuring, mulching and hay freezing | 90 (80–99) | Graze heavily in winter to ensure uniform flower emergence. Graze or respray survivors |
| Grazing – actively managing weeds in pastures | 50 (30–80) | Rotationally graze pastures and use spray-grazing with MCPA or 2,4-D if necessary in clover based pastures. Flumetsulam plus diuron provides reasonable control in many other legume based pastures |